MUMPS VACCINE Meaning and
Definition
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Mumps vaccine is a preventive biological agent that is administered to help protect individuals from contracting mumps, a highly contagious viral infection. Mumps is caused by the mumps virus, and it primarily affects the salivary glands located at the back of the cheeks, leading to the characteristic swelling of the face and neck. In addition to the swelling, other symptoms may include fever, headache, muscle aches, fatigue, and loss of appetite.
The mumps vaccine contains a weakened or attenuated form of the mumps virus which stimulates the immune system to produce an immune response without causing illness. This immune response leads to the production of antibodies that can recognize and neutralize the actual mumps virus if a person is later exposed to it.
The mumps vaccine is typically administered as part of a combination vaccine known as the MMR vaccine, which also includes vaccines for measles and rubella. It is usually given in two doses: the first dose is recommended at 12-15 months of age, and the second dose is typically given at 4-6 years of age. The vaccine is also recommended for certain high-risk groups, such as college students, healthcare workers, and international travelers.
The mumps vaccine has been shown to be highly effective in preventing mumps infection, with high rates of protection against both symptomatic and severe disease. However, no vaccine is 100% effective, and a small percentage of vaccinated individuals may still contract mumps if exposed to the virus. Nonetheless, the mumps vaccine has greatly contributed to the decline in mumps cases worldwide and has significantly reduced the incidence of complications associated with mumps, such as deafness, meningitis, and orchitis (inflammation of the testicles).
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Etymology of MUMPS VACCINE
The word "mumps vaccine" has a straightforward etymology.
The term "mumps" refers to the viral infection known as "mumps", which is caused by the mumps virus. The word "mumps" itself dates back to the 16th century and is believed to have originated from the early English word "moump", meaning "grimace" or "sullen expression". This origin may be attributed to the typical symptom of swollen and puffy cheeks, giving the infected person a distinctive facial expression.
The word "vaccine" is derived from the Latin word "vaccinus", meaning "of or pertaining to cows". It traces back to Edward Jenner's pioneering work in the late 18th century, where he used cowpox virus to develop the first vaccine against smallpox.
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