Placental Site Trophoblastic Tumors (PSTTs) are a rare type of gestational trophoblastic neoplasia that arise from the abnormal growth of placental tissue. These tumors typically occur in reproductive-aged women, although they can develop at any age. PSTTs arise from the cells that form the placenta during pregnancy, known as trophoblasts, which are responsible for nourishing and supporting the developing fetus.
PSTTs are characterized by the abnormal growth of these trophoblastic cells in the area where the placenta attaches to the uterus. Unlike other gestational trophoblastic diseases, PSTTs are usually non-malignant or low-grade malignant tumors. However, in rare cases, they can become aggressive and metastasize to other parts of the body.
The symptoms of PSTTs can vary depending on the stage and size of the tumor. Common signs include irregular or heavy vaginal bleeding, enlarged uterus, abdominal pain or swelling, and anemia. Diagnosis is typically made through a combination of imaging tests such as ultrasound, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), and blood tests.
Treatment for PSTTs usually involves surgical removal of the tumor, followed by close surveillance and monitoring of tumor markers. In some cases, chemotherapy may be recommended to eliminate any residual cancer cells or to manage metastasis. The overall prognosis of PSTTs is typically favorable, with good long-term survival rates, especially if detected and treated early.
In summary, Placental Site Trophoblastic Tumors are rare gestational trophoblastic neoplasms arising from placental tissue. They can present with various symptoms and require prompt diagnosis and appropriate treatment to ensure favorable outcomes.
